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@PHDTHESIS{nikitin_thesis_2002,
author = {Pavel V. Nikitin},
title = {Analysis of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Ducts as a
Radio Frequency Communication Channel},
school = {Carnegie Mellon University},
year = {2002},
address = {Pittsburgh, PA},
month = {Aug.},
abstract = {A typical HVAC duct system is a network of interconnected hollow metal
pipes which can serve as
waveguides and carry electromagnetic waves. This work presents an
analysis of this system as a
radio frequency communication channel. Two main parts of the analysis
include channel modelling
and antenna design.
The propagation modelling approach used here is based on the waveguide
mode theory and
employs the transfer matrix method to describe propagation through
various cascaded HVAC ele-
ments. This allows one to model the channel response in the frequency
domain. Impulse response
characteristics of the ducts are also analyzed in this work.
The approximate transfer matrices of cylindrical straight sections,
bends, and tapers are derived
analytically. The transforming properties of cylindrical T-junctions
are analyzed experimentally.
Antenna designs in waveguides and free-space are different. In waveguides,
mode excitation
characteristics are important as well as the impedance match. The
criteria for antenna design in
waveguides are presented here. Antennas analyzed in this work are
monopole antennas, dipole
antennas, and antenna arrays.
The developed model can predict both channel response and antenna
characteristics for a given
geometry and dimensions of the duct system and the antennas. The model
is computationally effi-
cient and can potentially be applied to duct systems of multiple story
buildings. The accuracy of the
model has been validated with extensive experimental measurements
on real HVAC ducts.},
owner = {henty},
pdf = {Nikitin_PhDThesis.pdf},
timestamp = {2006.06.18},
}